T.I.P. 的99个建议

99 Tips for T.I.P.

T.I.P. 的99个建议

By Dr. Danny Yu, President      余国良博士，总裁

Educational Services Exchange with China (ESEC) 美中教育机构（ESEC）

OUTLINE  大纲

• Part I.    What is T.I.P.?  (Tips 1-15)           什么是T.I.P.?

• Part II.   Right-Brain Approach  (Tips 16-35)   右脑学习方法

• Part III.  Right Attitude  (Tips 36-50)          正确的学习态度

• Part IV.  Successful Teaching  (Tips 51-70)    成功的教学法

• Part V.   Successful Learning  (Tips 71-99)    成功的学习法

Part I:  What is T.I.P.?  15 Questions to get your mind ready for T.I.P.  什么是T.I.P.?  准备参加T.I.P.培训的15个思考问题

1.  T.I.P. stands for Total Immersion Program. The idea behind T.I.P. is very simple. It is simply to surround yourself with English. (Q1. What is involved in surrounding yourself with English? Name as many items as possible to surround yourself with English.)

T.I.P. 是Total Immersion Program的缩写，意思是全封闭环境英语口语培训项目。T.I.P.蕴藏的理念是非常简单的，也就是使你置身完全英语的处境。（问题1：如何才能处身在全英语的局面？有多少点子或手法可以把自己置身于全英语的处境？）

2.  The most effective T.I.P. allows no escape as you totally immerse yourself in English. (Q2. How can one become captivated, stuck, and with no escape?)

T.I.P.最有效的学习方法就让你全身心地投入到英语环境中，无法逃避，只能用英语。（问题2：如何使人被吸引？被迷住？无法逃避？）

3.       There are three analogies to help you apply T.I.P. The first analogy is: Air. Think of yourself in a room surrounded by air. Air is everywhere. You cannot escape taking in air. And you oftentimes breathe it without even noticing it. Unless one chooses not to live, there is no escape from air. Like breathing, it is natural and easy for a child to pick up a language. The child does both with a minimum amount of effort. (Q3. Is speaking English easy and natural for you? If not, how can you learn it easily and naturally?)

这里有三种比喻来帮助你应用T.I.P..第一个比喻是：空气。想想你在一个房间内被空气所包围。空气是无处不在的。你无法逃避不呼吸空气。有时你呼吸空气时并没有注意它的存在。除非有人选择不再生存，否则他无法脱离空气。对于孩子来说，学习一种语言如同呼吸一样，是一个很自然很容易的事情。小孩子做这两件事毫不费力。（问题3：说英语对你来讲感到自然与轻松吗？如果不是，那么怎样使你学习英语感到自然与轻松呢？）

4.       The second analogy is: Water. The fastest way to learn how to swim is to jump into the water. It is what we call the “Sink or Swim” approach. (Q4. What is the fastest way to learn English?)

第二个比喻是：水。最好的学习游泳的方法就是跳入水中。这样做有两个可能的结果“沉下去” 或“浮上来”（sink or swim），这是学会游泳最快途径。（问题4：什么是学习英语最快的方法？）

5.      The third analogy is: The pressure cooker. The pressure cooker reduces the cooking time. If you are able to keep the T.I.P. pressure on for only two weeks, you’ll be amazed at how fast your brain can learn and how much you can accomplish. (Q5. How would you design a pressure cooker for your mind?)

第三个比喻是：高压锅。高压锅缩短烹饪时间。如果你能够承受T.I.P.两个星期的高强度学习压力，那么你就会惊奇地发现自己的大脑学得是那么的快，完成的学业是那么多。（问题5： 你如何为你的大脑设计一个类似的高压锅？）

6.      The pressure cooker works by keeping the air in. No air can come out. No leaks. (Q6. What is a leak-proof T.I.P. for your English learning?)

高压锅通过保持气压来运作的。没有空气流出。没有漏洞。（问题6：什么是你的防漏T.I.P.英语学习法？）

7.      Most Chinese college students have devoted 10 years or more studying English. After much effort, many do not speak it. (Q7. From your experience, why can’t so many Chinese students speak English?)

大多数中国大学学生花费十年以上的时间来学习英语。但经过许多努力之后，许多人还不能说英语。（问题7：从你的经验来看，为什么这么多中国学生不能讲英语？）

8.       The average Chinese student spends 4,000 hours learning English. In T.I.P. you give a total of two weeks, about 300 hours. The secret of T.I.P. is in its intensity. (Q8. To intensify means to increase the density and to grow stronger. How can you intensify your T.I.P. experience?)

中国学生平均花费4000个小时学英语。但在T.I.P.培训项目中你只花费两个星期，平均300个小时。T.I.P.的秘诀在于它的强度。（问题8：强化的手法之一就是增加它的密度，使它变得更强。你如何强化你的T.I.P.经验？）

9.      T.I.P. works because you are surrounded. But you can come out any time you want. It is your choice. You can open the lid at your liking, and the pressure will be gone. (Q9. What can cause you to lose momentum in this program?)

T.I.P.有效的运作是由于你置身其中。但你随时可以退出。这是你的选择。你可以任意打开高压锅的盖子，压力就会消失。（问题9：什么会使你在这个培训项目中失去学习的冲劲？）

10.  Let us talk more about leaks. Like a tire leaking air. Or a bucket leaking    water. Your responsibility is to plug the leaks. (Q10. Looking at your daily schedule in T.I.P., where are your leaks?)

让我们更多地讨论漏洞的问题。如轮胎漏气，或者水桶漏水。你的责任就是堵上漏洞（问题10：检查一下你的T.I.P.日常作息表，什么地方是你的漏洞？）

11.  It doesn’t take a big hole to empty a bucket. One small leak deflates the entire tire. (Q11. Do you have small leaks in your T.I.P. schedule? Do you have a plan that will make good use of each minute? How can you keep from wasting even one minute? )

一个小小的针孔可使整个轮胎泄气，一个不很大的洞就使一个水桶变空。（问题11：在你的T.I.P.学习时间表中是否有小的漏洞呢？你是否在T.I.P.计划中有一个能充分利用每一分钟的学习计划？你如何避免浪费每一分钟？）

12.  T.I.P. works only if you abide with this agreement: No Chinese is to be spoken from when you wake up until when you fall asleep. (Q12. Why this is an agreement instead of a rule?)

参加T.I.P.，你需要遵循这样一个协议：从早晨醒来到晚上入睡，都不讲中文，T.I.P.才能有效运作。（问题12：为什么这是一个协议，而不是一个规则？）

13.  Every time you use a Chinese phrase or sentence, it is like poking a hole and letting out some of the intensity of your English effort. (Q13. Have you signed a commitment card with your teammates? Are you holding one another accountable?)

每当你讲一句中文，就像凿了个小洞，释放掉了你学习英语努力的强度。（问题13：你和你的同学签了承诺卡吗？你们之间有相互责任吗？）

14.  The weekends are the biggest holes in this program. If you don’t use your weekends properly, you may have to start all over again every Monday. (Q14. Do you see why your 10 years of English learning do not add up? Why is it detrimental to your English learning if you go home on the weekends during T.I.P.?)  

在T.I.P.项目中，周末是最大的漏洞。如果你没有严格按计划来安排你的周末，那么新的一周你的英语学习又回到原点，又得重新开始。（问题14：你是否明白为什么你过去十年的英语学习效果有限？每个暑假完毕后，英语学习又要重新开始？为什么在T.I.P.过程中，回家度周末会阻碍你英语学习的进度？）

15.  T.I.P. works simply like this: Surround yourself in English. Do not allow yourself to escape. Do whatever necessary to keep you at it. No leaks. Help one another out by holding one another accountable. Then you will be amazed how wonderfully your brain can work. (Q15. Is your mindset synchronized with the T.I.P. design? Have you developed the ideal language environment for yourself?)

有效的T.I.P.学习就是这样简单：将自己置身于全封闭英语环境中，不允许逃避。无论如何都要坚持住，没有漏洞。通过相互间的承诺与责任而互相帮助。那么，你将会吃惊地发现你的大脑工作得如此出色。（问题15：你的大脑是否与T.I.P.设计同步？你是否已建立了自己的理想语言学习环境？）

Part Ⅱ  Right-Brain Approach  右脑学习方法

16.  The right-brain approach to learning is simple. It is very child-like.

右脑学习法是很简单的。就像小孩子一样去学。

17.  The right-brain approach is fun-oriented.

右脑学习法具有娱乐性。

18.  The right-brain approach is activity-oriented.

右脑学习法是行动性的。

19.  The right-brain approach is creative. It involves music, pictures, imageries, art, games, or doing something interesting.

右脑学习法具有创造性。它包括音乐、图画、雕刻、艺术、游戏或者做一些有趣的事情。

20.  The right-brain approach is question-oriented.

右脑学习法需要常常发问。

21.  To be question-oriented, effectively use the Power Tools: Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How.

“六何法”是右脑学习法最有用的工具：何人？何事？何时？何地？为何？如何？

22.  “What is this?” This powerful and simple question will keep you talking in English for a whole day.

“这是什么？”这个有力而简单的问题能让你用英语谈论一整天。

23.  The right-brain approach does not emphasize grammar. During the first two weeks of confidence-building, do not distract yourself frequently by asking, “Am I correct?”

右脑学习法并不注重语法。在树立信心阶段的前两个星期里，不要问“我是否正确？”，以免分心。

24.  The right-brain approach does not emphasize a textbook. If a textbook is used, there should be no urgency to finish it.

右脑学习法并不注重课本。在T.I.P.里，即使使用了一些课本，我们也不用急着把它学完。

25.  The right brain approach does not emphasize content. Most Chinese students want to learn more than English when studying. As if learning English is a waste of their time, they need to gain other information, some extra stuff like space technology or Shakespeare, to justify their involvement. But that mentality often slows down the English learning part, and the time spent is wasted on learning other things of no consequence.  

右脑学习法并不注重内容。多数中国学生想学到比英语更多的知识，好像学英语是在浪费他们的时间。在学习口语的同时，他们需要获得更多的东西，诸如有关太空科学或莎士比亚等其他信息，来补充调整他们的涉足面。但是这种心理往往放慢了英语学习的脚步。假如你是要学会英语口语，在其他事情上的投资都是极大的浪费。

26.  In the T.I.P. schedule, there are many lectures. Your objective in attending these lectures is to learn English. You are not there for the content. The speakers do not have to impress and entertain you.

在T.I.P.课程，有讲课与演讲内容。你参加这些课程的目的是为了学习口语。你无需太过关注内容，而讲课者也不需要感动与取悦你。（俱乐部的选择也是同一概念）

27.  Language is reflex. The T.I.P approach is the best way to train language reflex ability.  

语言具有反射性的。T.I.P.学习方法就是训练语言反射能力的最佳途径。

28.  Language is reflex, like breathing. The less you think about it, the more you know you are doing the right thing. The T.I.P. approach aims to create a childlike environment. Relax. Psychologically resist being self-conscious.

语言具有反射性，如同呼吸。你越不假思索，你的口语过程就越正常。 T.I.P.方法的目标就是建立一个孩子似的环境。放松自己，不要太在意“在学习”。

29.  Language is reflex, like drawing a gun. The faster you draw, the better you are. The T.I.P. approach requires you to simplify your language processing, so your English comes out easier.

语言具有反射性，如同警察拔枪。拔得越快，就越好。T.I.P.方法要求你简化你的语言处理过程，你的英语要用得容易。

30.  Language is reflex, like Kung Fu fighting. Training in repetition and training in intensity are crucial to improving your reflexes in Kung Fu fighting. The same concepts of repetition and intensity apply directly to English learning.

语言具有反射性，如同练功夫。多次重复及加大强度的训练是提高武功反射性的关键。其重复性与高度强化的手法可直接应用到英语学习中。

31.  It is possible that by the second week your English will move deeper to a subconscious level. Then you may no longer notice whether you are speaking in English or in Chinese. Work hard to arrive at that subconscious level during this two weeks. Don’t waste time. Start total immersion in English right away.   

在第两周的英语学习，你有可能进入一个更深层：潜意识的阶段。那时你可能不再注意或不晓得你是用英语或中文在讲话。这两周努力非常重要：目的是达到潜意识阶段。不要浪费时间，马上开始全封闭环境英语口语。

32.        When you start dreaming in English … Wow!

你什么时候开始用英语做梦？

33.  Friends are very important in the right-brain approach to learning English. Seasoned with laughter, friends turn the pressure cooker event into a meaningful, enjoyable, and once-in-a-lifetime experience.

在学习英语的右脑方法中，朋友扮演着非常重要的角色。和带着笑声的朋友们一起学习，原本充满压力的学习计划，将变成有意义、愉快，难忘，并且一生受益的经验。

34.  Have a network of at least ten committed friends to speak English with, especially when T.I.P. ends.

至少要有十个互帮朋友在一起相互说英语，特别是在T.I.P.培训结束时。

35.  The right-brain approach of learning the English language is simply this: Fun, creativity, childlike curiosity, openness, spontaneity, laughter, enjoyment, and friendship. Mix them all together, and you will make amazing progress.

学习英语的右脑学习法简单总结如下：趣味性、创造性、孩子似的好奇心、开放性、自发性、娱乐性以及同学间的友谊。将上述所有特性相结合，运用到你的英语学习过程中，你就会取得惊人的进步。

Part Ⅲ  Right Attitude  正确的学习态度

36.        Attitude is everything. Tell yourself daily “I can do it.”  It is possible to speak English in less than two weeks.

态度就是一切。每天跟自己说：“我能做到。” ，那么不到两个星期，你就可以张口说英语。

37.        Encourage and say to one another daily, “Good job.”

每天大家彼此鼓励说：“你做得很好。”

38.        Success in this program is not about beating others. In this program, you compete against the most challenging opponent: Yourself. There is no need to compare your progress. The question you ask of yourself daily during the two weeks is: Have I given my best today?

在英语培训项目中的成功不是战胜别人，而是与你最大的挑战者较量--你自己。请不要与别人比较你的进步。在两个星期的培训中，你每天问自己一个问题：“我今天是否尽了最大的努力？”

39.        You will be tempted to give up. Hang in there. Remind yourself of Little Engine that would: “You can do it. You can do it.”

在艰辛的处境中，你可能会有放弃的念头。要坚持住。提醒自己那个小火车的故事，“我能达到，我能达到。”

40.        The power of positive thinking works miracles.

积极思维的动力能创造出奇迹。

41.  If you hang in there, two weeks will pass quickly. Remember why you want to learn English. Remind yourself what you can use the English language for. Think of the future and the reward. Someday, you will look back and be very proud of what you have done today.

如果你能坚持住，两个星期很快就过去。记住你为什么想学英语，提醒你自己在什么方面能够使用英语，想想未来的收获。有一天，当你回想过去，你就会为你今天所做的而感到非常骄傲。

42.  You may never have this opportunity again. Carpe Diem! Seize the day! Today!

也许你不再有这样的学习机会，那么让我们把握时机，抓住当天!今天！

43.  Show up! Attend everything!

主动参与！参与每件事情。

44.  Show enthusiasm! No fear of losing face. Be the first to speak out.

释放热情！不怕没面子！开口讲！

45.  Commit yourself to do the boring stuff, like going to the lab, studying your pocket notebook or writing your journal daily.

承诺自己：认真参与每件事情，包括一些令人厌烦的事情，例如去语言实验室，温习笔记本，或每日写日记。

46.  You have taken on the impossible. You have given more than a 100%. So now believe in yourself. You will have success.

你的挑战是：做不可能的事情。你要付出超过100％的努力。因此，你首先要相信自己。你将会获得成功。

47.  The attitude you need for success in English learning is also the attitude you need for success in your career. Congratulations on your launch towards success in English learning.

你在英语学习中所需要的成功态度也是你人生或职场生涯中所应具备的成功态度。预祝你在英语学习中取得成功。

48.  Every major reward requires major investment. A sacrificial attitude will carry you a long way. Invest in your future. It is worth much more than your sacrifice now.

每一个大的收获都要有大的投入。培养一个愿意牺牲的情操：它使你在成功的路上走得更远。为你的将来投资，你将来的收获将会多倍于你现在的牺牲。

49.  The willingness to take initiative is a very valuable asset. That means you have a volunteer spirit and you are willing to do the work without being told. It is a skill not easily learnt. This program gives you the opportunity to sharpen this important skill.

自发积极的主动参与性是非常有价值的财富。参加T.I.P.，需要你有自愿精神，不需要别人嘱咐或安排。这种主动做事情的态度是不容易学会的技，此英语培训项目给你一个强化这重要技能的机会。

50.  The attitude for success is simply this: (a) Believe in yourself; (b) Be optimistic; (c) Be enthusiastic; (d) Be involved; (e) Be committed; (f) Be helpful to others; (g) And become successful.

成功的态度就是这么简单：(a) 相信自己; (b) 保持乐观; (c) 充满热情 (d) 主动参与; (e) 全身投入; (f) 帮助别人; (g) 取得成功。

Part Ⅳ  Successful Teaching  成功的教学

51.  In T.I.P., there are three kinds of teachers: the American teachers, your classmates, and you.

在T.I.P.中，有三类教师：外籍教师，你的同学，还有你自己。

52.  First, the American teachers. Chinese universities consider them the ideal English teachers and are willing to spend a fortune to bring them in. But because of their limited availability and their limited accessibility when hired, they are a major bottle-neck in the Chinese learning experience of English. (Imagine the average of 2 foreign teachers per campus of 10,000 people.)

首先，外籍教师。中国大学认为他们是最理想的英语教师，不惜花费大量资金来聘请外教。但由于他们在雇佣时存在供应有限等问题，成为中国人英语学习的主要瓶颈。（设想一万人的学校，平均拥有2个外籍教师。）

53.  In addition, the American teachers’ effectiveness is further reduced by the cultural differences in teaching style. Westerners usually have a different notion from the Chinese regarding how to approach the English language. To make the best out of the teaching relationship, Chinese students should consider ESEC teachers as friends rather than the traditional notion of “lao shi.”

此外，外籍教师教学方式的效率，由于文化差异的因素而大打折扣。西方人在如何学习英语通常有不同于中国人的观念。在T.I.P.项目中，中国学生应该把ESEC派来的外籍教师当作朋友，而不是传统观念上的“老师”。

54.  As friends, the American teachers in T.I.P are not there to impress the students. They don’t need to be older than the students. They don’t even need to know more than the students. (The average Chinese student actually knows more grammar points than many of our teachers.)

T.I.P.中的美籍教师不是名师。作为朋友，他们不需要比学生年长。他们甚至不需要比学生知道的更多。（一般中国学生通常比我们许多美籍教师知道更多的英语语法点。）

55.  As friends, the American teachers play a very important role in facilitating your English learning by helping you to overcome your fear of the language. (Keep in mind that Chinese teachers and classmates do the same for you.)

作为朋友，ESEC教师起的最大作用是：帮助你克服学习英语的恐惧感。（记住中国教师和同学也可以起到同样的作用。）

56.  The success of T.I.P. doesn’t hinge upon the availability and the ability of the Americans. For the same reason, your English success should not be dependent upon foreign teachers either. However, most Chinese administrators and students do not agree with this. We believe otherwise. We have confidence that T.I.P. works because there are two other kinds of teachers.

T.I.P.的成功不在于美国教员的数量和能力。同样的原因，你的英语成功也不应该依靠外籍教师。但是，大多数中国教育界和学生们不同意此观点。因此我们要强调：T.I.P.运作的成功，主要在于它还有其它两类的教师。

57.  If you can accept the concept of “friendship as a teaching tool,” then you have many teachers available to you. Obviously, you have the Chinese teachers. But in abundance and fully accessible to you is the second kind of teachers: your classmates and friends.

如果你能接受这个“友谊作为一个教学工具”的概念，那么你就会有许多很有用的教师。首先，你有中国老师。而且，大量的并很容易接近的是第二类教师：你的同学和朋友。

58.  Comparatively, your classmates are more important teachers to you than the Americans. Your classmates make the program fun and enjoyable for you. According to the right-brain approach, that is the ideal language environment.

你的同学对你来说是比美国人更重要的老师。你的同学会使T.I.P.学习环境变得愉快而又有趣。根据右脑学习法，那是一个最理想的语言学习环境。

59.  Furthermore, your classmates provide the motivation and encouragement as you weather through a very difficult and challenging situation. Like the geese flying in formation, the whole flock gets 71% greater flying range than if each goose flew on its own.

此外，你的同学在你遇到困难和挫折时能给予你鼓励和动力。就像在飞行中的雁队，整个雁队比每只大雁单独飞行的里程要多出71％。

60.  As your classmates can motivate you to successful learning, they can also de-motivate you and ruin your chance for success in T.I.P. Students who have an uninterested and non-participatory attitude should not join the program. Because of the very important role friends play in T.I.P., a bad example does not affect only one individual, but destroys the whole program for everybody in the class.

正如你的同学可以激发你成功学习一样，他们也能阻止并破坏你在T.I.P.成功的机会。缺乏兴趣和主动参与态度的学生不应该参加这个项目。由于朋友在T.I.P.中起到非常重要的作用，所以一个坏典型不仅影响个人，而且破坏这个项目整个班上的成员。

61.  When we talk about friends as teachers, keep in mind that we are talking about attitude, not ability (just like the first category of teachers, the Americans). Classmates who have low ability but high-spirited attitude are your best influence in your flight formation through the language experience. A person with high ability but lousy attitude should not be in our program at all.

当我们谈到朋友可作为老师，切记我们谈论的是态度，而不是能力（就像第一类的外籍教师）。那些低水平但具有良好态度的同学在你语言成功过程中起到非常重要的影响。但那些具有高能力但态度懒散的人，在全封闭英语环境中是我们的破坏者，务请他们退学。

62.  The third kind of teacher is the best you can have: Yourself. You are your own best teacher because your learning is no longer limited by others’ attitude, ability, or availability.

第三类教师对你最有益处：你自己。由于你的学习不再受其他人的态度、能力和适用性所限制，所以你是你自己最好的老师。

63.  That assumes you will take responsibility for your own learning and you will take initiative to create learning situations. Success is guaranteed if you constantly and aggressively look for opportunities to teach yourself. Interestingly, that is not only possible in T.I.P., but it is a most desirable trait.

假定你对你的学习负责，你就会积极地为自身创造学习环境。如果你每时每刻都主动争取每一个机会来学习和教导自己，那么你的成功就是必然的。

64.  Always do more than what is asked of. The volunteer spirit is important. Jump in with both feet. You take initiative to organize the activities. You mobilize others to participate. Think of ideas of how to make the program more fun and enjoyable. In T.I.P., students assume leadership.

做得比要求的好，全身心地投入。志愿者奉献精神是重要的。主动地组织活动，动员别人参加，为如何使培训项目更加有趣而出谋划策。在T.I.P.中，学生们是最好的领导者。

65.  Without student leadership, T.I.P. will not work. This is because the American teachers work only 8 hours a day. The students are in T.I.P. for only two weeks, but a day for the students in the program is 15 hours.

没有学生组织活动，T.I.P.就不能正常开展。那是因为美籍教师一天只工作八小时。在T.I.P.两周过程中，学生的一天为15个小时。

66.  Another reason why student leadership is crucial is because T.I.P. is made up of discussion groups of all kinds. The discussion groups will work only if you participate and take up the teaching responsibility for yourself. Your attitude towards participation decides the success or failure of this program for you.

学生领导是关键的另一个原因，在于T.I.P.由各种各样的讨论组组成。只有你参与并对你的自我教学负责，讨论组才有意义。你参与的态度决定你在英语培训项目中的成功与失败。

67.  Usually, study questions are provided to the various discussion groups. Please note that there is no right or wrong answer to the questions. Everyone’s answers are acceptable and welcome, as long as they are in English. Your challenge is to keep the discussion going. You do not need to arrive at the “right” answers.

在讨论组中讨论问题，请注意：所有的问题的答案都没有正确与错误之分。每个人只要用英语回答，他们的答案都可以被接受与采纳。你的任务就是使讨论一直持续下去，你不需要得到“正确”答案。

68.  If in certain sessions the discussion questions are not provided, you should have no trouble. Anyone can raise a question (like “what is this?”), and the discussion begins.

如果有些课上没有特定提供讨论题，你不应感到困扰。任何人都可以提出一个简单的问题（如“这是什么？”），于是讨论由此开始。

69.  As you take on the teaching responsibility for your own learning, please be aware of two major hurdles.  The first hurdle: your first week will be the most difficult part of T.I.P. It may also be the most challenging experience of your life for you may never have undertaken the responsibility of teaching yourself before. Just hang in there. You will survive. Just show up and participate – in everything. The program itself will carry you through. The first week will soon be over. Then T.I.P. will be a lot more enjoyable and rewarding.

当你为你的学习负责，会遇到两个主要障碍：首先，你的第一周将是学习T.I.P.最困难的时候。它可能是你人生中最具有挑战性的经历，因为你还从未尝试过为“自我教学”而负责任。坚持住，你就会在T.I.P.环境中生存。你只要参加参与到每一件事中去，培训班本身将带着你前进，最艰苦的头一周很快便会过去。

70.  The second hurdle: you will experience much tension in cultural conflict. Your past experience of learning English will tell you that T.I.P. is all wrong. You want your textbook, you want to analyze your grammar, and you want to speak perfect English (you may even want your exams)… But tell yourself to hold your opinions just for two weeks and give T.I.P. a try. When you give a try, please give all you got. This is the T.I.P. promise: You will see results in two short weeks. Just hang in there and keep pushing yourself.

其次，你将会经历许多文化冲突的压力。你过去学习英语的经验认为T.I.P.完全是错误的：你需要课本，你需要分析语法，你需要说出完美的英语，你甚至需要考试。但是你要告诫自己忍耐两个星期，尽能力适应 T.I.P.。当你去适应，请全身心地投入。T.I.P.承诺：你将看到短短两个星期的效果。坚持住，勇往直前。

71.  Summing it up, successful teaching in T.I.P. is simply this: It’s not the American teacher. It’s not the small classroom with tiny teacher-student ratio. The friendship, especially between the classmates, is what makes T.I.P. work. Ultimately, the responsibility of successful teaching falls on the best teacher available: YOU.

总的来说，在T.I.P.中的成功教学其实很简单：不在于美籍教师。不在于小师生比的小班。班级同学之间的友谊是T.I.P.运作的主要因素。最主要的，成功教学的责任在于你最好的老师：就是你自己。

Part Ⅴ  Successful Learning  成功的学习法

72.  Do not use a dictionary, always ask, ask, ask! By asking, you are repeating the word as often as you can.

不要使用字典，要经常问，问，问！通过问，尽你所能经常重复使用你要学习的字句。

73.  After you learn a word or phrase, always tell, tell, tell! Repeat that word or phrase in a sentence at least 20 times as soon as possible.

当你学会一个单词或句子，要经常说，说，说！尽可能重复这个单词或句子至少20遍。

74.  If a dictionary is really needed, use it only at the end of the day in your own privacy.

如果你确实需要一个字典，那么你只能在这一天结束后在你个人的时间内使用。（务请避免使用中文定义。）

75.  Carry your pocket notebook and review the vocabulary frequently.

随身带上你的袖珍笔记本，时常复习英语字句。

76.  Use what you have, no matter how little you think you have. The key is to use it often. When you do so, you will be amazed how fast your knowledge multiplies.

英语口语的练习，不在乎你知道多少的词汇量或语法。关键在于你是否经常使用你已知道的英语。当你坚持这样做，你会发现自己的英语能力在快速成倍地提高。

77.  As long as you are sitting or standing next to someone, keep talking.

只要有人在你周围，就不要错过对话的机会。

78.  When you are tired of talking, read an English magazine or review your pocket notebook.

当你对会话感到厌倦，请阅读英文杂志，或者复习笔记本上的内容。务请把自己置身于全英语环境。

79.  If you’re not good at coming up with topics to talk about, read to one another from an article. One reads, the other listens, then summarizes. Swap roles after a few minutes.

如果你在对话中找不到话题，那么就相互读文章。一个人读，一个人听，然后总结一下。过一会儿交换一下角色。

80.  The assured way towards fluency is to increase the amount of contact you have with English. During these two weeks, surround yourself with English sounds, materials and people.

若达到熟练流利的程度，你就要找办法用最大途径扩大英语接触面，把自己置身在两个星期的全英语的声音环境，资料环境和人际环境。

81.  Memorize sentence patterns, especially good quotes and speeches.

记忆一些句子类型，特别是好的名句和演讲。

82.  Do not miss your lab appointments! That is when your pronunciation problems can be corrected.

不要错过你的语音实习课！它将纠正你的发音问题。

83.  Always be ready to teach someone. You have nothing to teach your classmate? Well, take out your pocket notebook and go through it with him or her.

经常愿意教别人。你没有什么可教你的同学？拿出你的袖珍笔记本，与他们共同复习浏览。

84.  If you are learning something very difficult, the easiest way to learn it is to teach that to someone. You will be amazed that by saying it aloud, you may understand better and remember easier.

如果你的口语学习发生困难，最容易克服的方法就是去教别人。你会惊奇地发现，为别人大声说出来，就可以更容易理解并记住它。

85.  As a challenge, teach grammar points in English.

作为一个挑战，用英语去教语法点。

86.  Teach someone. Do not waste time looking for a better English speaker.

再说一遍：教别人。不要浪费时间寻找一个比你说英语更好的人。

87.  Make the decision anew every day: No speaking Chinese. For many of you, that would be the most difficult thing to do. For in so doing, you would lose the only bearing or framework you have for daily living. However, if you refuse to speak Chinese, and if you try your best to communicate only in English (even to the point of embarrassing yourself by repeating something over and over again so you can be understood), you are forcing yourself to establish another framework for living. It will be the most uncomfortable thing to do. But the outcome and reward will be exciting, for from now on you will have two frameworks for deployment in your future and career development. Commit to changing the framework of your daily living. That is the most effective way to make English your native tongue.

每天下决心：不讲中文。对大多数人来讲，这是非常难以做到的事情。由于那样做，你可能失去每日生活的模式和意义。但是，如果拒绝说中文，并尽最大努力用英语沟通交流（甚至当你遇到要一遍一遍地重复说才能使人理解的尴尬场面），强迫自己建立一个新的思维模式，这可能是很不舒服的事情，但结果和收获是令人兴奋的。因为从现在开始，你将有两个思维的框架；对发展你的未来与事业，都是有益处的。改变你的日常生活与思维框架，那就是你将英语变成母语的最有效方法。

88.  Meal times are more important than the classroom hours for learning English. Do not use Chinese in the cafeteria, even when ordering food. No one in this program should eat alone or quietly.

进餐时段要比课堂时段对学习口语来讲更加重要。不要在自助餐厅里用中文，甚至包括点菜。在英语培训中不应有人单独或默默用餐。

89.  The beginning and the ending of the T.I.P. day have special significance. You begin everyday with the Morning Motivational, not just Monday through Friday, but Saturday and Sunday also. Every night before you go to bed, you write your Daily Journal. Consider the Journal a daily ritual for ending the day. The journaling helps you to review the whole day in English. The reflection will lead your mind to enter into a deeper level of thinking, using English as the medium. Hopefully, you will carry English into your dreams.

T.I.P.每天的开始与结束都有着特殊的意义。一天之计在于晨，不仅仅是周一至周五，还包括周六和周日。每天晚上睡觉之前，你要写日记。将写日记当作每天结束仪式。日记将帮助你用英语回顾整个一天。这个回顾引导你以英语做媒介进入深层次的思考。你很有希望将英语带入你的梦乡。

90.  Weekends are not a break for participants.  English learning will continue throughout the weekend, through various fun and relaxing activities.  Just because your class time looks a little different, and there may be less American teachers around doesn’t mean your English progress should stop or that the weekend is not an important time.  Don’t be surprised if you end up learning more and faster on the weekends. (Why?)

T.I.P.参与者周末不回家。原因有二：首先，回家讲中文将严重妨碍T.I.P.学习动力。其次，周六和周日的学习心理环境比平时轻松，更有利口语的进度。美籍教师在周末不授课，但不意味着你不用学习，而且在周末我们要求学生学习得更快，更多。（为什么？）

91.  If by the end of the second week you feel that your brain is jam-packed or that you are mentally exhausted, that is a good sign. But if you do not feel that way, something is wrong. Possibly you have not asserted yourself hard enough. You need to exercise your mind harder. Increase the pressure or else you may not have enough momentum for the language breakthrough.

如果到第二个周末你感到你的大脑被塞得满满的，或者你感到精神很疲惫，那是个好迹象。但如果你没有上述感觉，可能在某些方面出了问题。也许你没有尽你自己最大的努力。你需要磨练你的意志，给自己增加压力，否则在语言的瓶颈突破上，没有足够的动力。

92.  Take your afternoon naps. Get enough sleep every night. T.I.P. is an exercise to challenge your limits. Please take good care of your body.

中午应小憩一会儿。每天晚上要保证充足的睡眠。T.I.P.是一个挑战你极限的训练，请照顾好你自己的身体。

93.  The T.I.P. curriculum covers 4 major skills of English:                                    Listening (input through your ears)                                                         Speaking (output through your mouth)                                                    Reading (input through your eyes)                                                   Writing (output through your hand)                                                       To reap the most benefits from the T.I.P. design, practice in variety and move from skill area to skill area.

T.I.P.课程包括4个主要英语技能：

听（通过你的耳朵输入）

说（通过你的嘴输出）

读（通过你的眼睛输入）

写（通过你的手输出）

为了获得T.I.P.设计的最大益处，你应该每天在各种不同技能区来回动，要自己负责这个转动的频密性。

94.              The average person communicates in the following ways:

We listen for about 40% of the time.

We speak for about 35% of the time.

We read for about 16% of the time.

We write for about 9% of the time.

Our T.I.P. schedule reflects these percentages. Use these percentages as a guide for your learning activities.

一般人通过下列方式交流：

大约40％时间用于听；

大约35％时间用于讲；

大约16%时间用于读；

大约9％时间用于写；

T.I.P.进程反映出上述百分比。用这些百分比作为你的英语活动指导。

95.              The following explains why T.I.P. works:

下面解释T.I.P.为什么这样运作：

96.  If you think that T.I.P. is loosely organized, you are very observant. This is a student-centered program, and students are encouraged to initiate their own learning activities. Therefore, many things can be happening at the same time. Despite the chaos, believe us, there is a design. Please follow along and participate with enthusiasm.

如果你认为T.I.P.组织松散，那么你的观察力非常敏锐。这是一个以学生为中心的英语培训项目，鼓励学生开展他们自己的学习活动。所以，许多事情可同时发生。尽管混乱，相信我们，这是一个精心的设计。请带着热情参与进来。

97.  Therefore, if you feel that you are swamped, if you feel that there are too many things going on at the same time, if you feel that you are not learning everything presented, or if you feel that you cannot finish all the homework and assignments … you are on the right track, for you will end up learning much more than if everything were under your control.

中国学生习惯掌握自己的学习过程，要按部就班，有条不紊的了解学习的内容，更期望百分之百的达到学习目标。所以你在TIP里将会感到困惑，因为你在同一时间要做许多事情，甚至不知道一个词的定义就需要使用它。如果你感到很多东西没有学会，或者觉得不能完成所有的作业…你正走上正轨。如果口语的学习都在你的控制之下，你的学习或速度将会是缓慢的。

98.  This is not a paradox. On the one hand, this is a highly structured program. We have a very rigid schedule and a packed curriculum. You are encouraged to design a leak-proof language environment and a 24/7 surround-sound situation. On the other hand, there is a lot of flexibility. Students are encouraged to assume leadership. They are to initiate ideas and to take charge. Many learning activities should be popping up everywhere, especially outside the classroom. Whether you look at this as a structured or chaotic situation, the T.I.P. expectations remain the same: Give your best efforts. Believe in yourself. Aim for the moon. Compare with nobody. Rejoice in amazement what you can accomplish.   

这不是自相矛盾的话。一方面，这是一个具有完善体系结构的培训项目。我们有管理严格的课程表和精心设计的课程，鼓励大家参与设计防漏的语言环境，一个每周7天，每天24小时被美语包围着的环境。另一方面，也有许多灵活性，鼓励学生参与领导，提出建议并自我管理。许多学习活动可在任何地点开展，特别是课堂以外。无论你认为这是一个有秩序或混乱的环境，T.I.P.期望保持一致：尽你最大的努力，相信你自己，目标长远些，不与别人相比较，为你所实现的而欣喜。

99. Let us explain T.I.P. in one short paragraph:  Building upon the ABC philosophy of oral English, Total Immersion Program invites you to take Three Steps forward, then apply the Four Laws, do the Five Simple Practices, ask the Fifteen Questions, and follow the Ninety-Nine Tips. Always use the Right Brain and have the Right Attitude.  The many ideas of Successful Teaching and the many ideas of Successful Learning all point to this: English with a big i. When YOU can become your own teacher, YOU learn with the best results. YOU are at the center of the English learning responsibility.

让我们用简短的篇幅解释T.I.P.：建立于英语口语ABC观点，全封闭英语口语培训项目要先进行三个步骤，然后应用四个规则，做五个简单实践，问15个问题，遵循99建议。经常使用右脑思维，建立正确的态度。许多成功的教学法和成功的学习法归纳如下：我是学习英语口语的主人，我主动承担英语学习的责任，当我成为自己的老师，我就能得到最佳的学习效果。